Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA)

Earn reputed globally recognised “Dr” title

Programme Accreditation & Key Facts

European Global Institute of Innovation & Technology’s Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) is a European highest level qualification & is Malta Qualifications Framework (MQF) / European Qualifications Framework (EQF) full-degree Level 8 programme. This programme is fully Malta Further & Higher Education Authority (MFHEA). The degree offers right of use of “Dr” title.

EU Global accepts both experiential Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and credit transfer through the use of learning outcomes for either an advanced entry into the programme, or module exemptions for an advanced progression in a programme.

EU Global Online Programmes can be taken in an accelerated mode, normal tenure or part-time mode. As a general rule, normal progression in a year in 60 ECTS, in accelerated mode is 90 ECTS, and part-time mode 30 ECTS.

Research in varied industries/ fields

EU Global DBA research can be conducted in any field or industry. Some examples of cutting-edge research conducted by EU Global’s faculty is mentioned below, though your thesis can be in any domain as long as it focusses on managing a chosen area or resolving a real business problem in any fields such as AI, Generative AI, Healthcare, Media, Law, Emerging Technology, Sustainability, Accounting, Finance, Investment, Marketing, Leadership, and more. For instance, a DBA graduate might develop an AI-driven customer service model to improve business efficiency.

To attain Level 8 Doctoral degree, the DBA outcome emphasises the ability to create innovative business models, design new processes, or implement transformative strategies that have a significant impact on an organisations operations, progressing the overall performance and the stakeholders value.

Our Departments offer several programmes in varied areas such as our Technology Department offers Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Business Intelligence, etc., and our Management department offers opportunities to research in management, leadership, accounting, finance, tourism, etc. Learners may additionally gain additional credits from each of these departments to master a particular domain.

Research in Generative AI

Research in Generative AI includes AI-driven business transformation, marketing personalization, operational efficiency, and ethical governance. Key areas include AI-powered decision-making, competitive advantage, financial forecasting, HR automation, and industry-specific innovations, etc.

Research in Business & Data Analytics

Research in Business & Data Analytics leveraging data-driven decision-making for strategic growth. Key areas include AI-driven business intelligence, predictive analytics for market trends, customer behavior modeling, financial risk analysis, and operational optimization. Research can explore big data governance, ethical AI, and data-driven competitive advantage in various industries.

Research in Healthcare Management

Research in Healthcare Management can focus on improving hospital operations, patient care quality, and healthcare accessibility. Key areas include leadership in healthcare organizations, the impact of telemedicine, strategies for patient satisfaction, cost management, and policy implementation, etc.

Research in Finance and Investment

Research in Finance and Investment can explore strategies for financial growth, risk management, and sustainable investing. Key areas include corporate financial decision-making, investment trends, wealth management, financial inclusion, and the impact of fintech etc.

Research in HR, Leadership & Psychology

Research in HR, Leadership & Psychology can explore leadership effectiveness, employee motivation, workplace culture, and talent retention. Key areas include emotional intelligence in leadership, the impact of remote work, diversity and inclusion, mental health in organizations, and performance management.

Research in Marketing, E-commerce, and Retail

Research in Marketing, E-commerce, and Retail can explore consumer behavior, omni-channel strategies, digital marketing, personalization, mobile commerce, supply chain optimization, sustainability, customer retention, and the impact of new technologies on shopping experiences and brand loyalty.

Research in Sustainability, Energy, and Environment

Research in Sustainability, Energy, and Environment can explore green energy innovation, sustainable business practices, environmental impact assessment, corporate social responsibility (CSR), renewable energy adoption, eco-friendly supply chains, and the role of businesses in addressing climate change and promoting sustainability.

Research in Operations, Supply Chain & International Business

Research in Operations, Supply Chain & International Business can explore global supply chain optimization, logistics management, cross-border trade strategies, operational efficiency, risk management, outsourcing, the impact of globalization, and how international business practices align with sustainability and innovation in global markets.

Research in Tourism & Hospitality

Research in Tourism & Hospitality can focus on customer experience management, sustainable tourism practices, destination marketing, service quality, tourism trends, technology adoption in hospitality, revenue management strategies, and the impact of global events on travel and tourism industries.

Programme Overview

The Doctorate of Business Administration (DBA) is at the highest level of the Malta Qualification Framework (MQF)/ European Qualifications Framework (EQF) Level 8 fully accredited degree programme. This doctorate qualification necessitates the primary focus of the candidate’s work to showcase an original contribution to knowledge within their subject, field, or profession, achieved through original research or the innovative application of existing knowledge or understanding.

The DBA Programme seeks to enhance the capability of the professionals to merge rigorous academic and critical analysis with practical relevance and application. This enables them to evolve into more effective evidence-based practitioners and contribute to the advancement of their profession by expanding knowledge. In this pursuit, it aims to elevate the standards of their profession.Since this programme aims to enhance the research and publication competencies of the scholars and the scholars are expected to be an expert in terms of their Master studies or acquired experience in the past, the scholars in this programme progress in their field to the next level. For this independent research, the learners can choose the topic in any field they have prior expertise in such as marketing, finance, technology, operations, human resources, big data, healthcare, agribusiness, etc.

Learning Outcomes

Key Fact

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Curriculum And Structure

EU Global Doctoral qualification is designed to strengthen scholars’ capabilities to create, plan, validate, execute, report on, and evaluate a significant research project that is professionally relevant and contributes to the generation of new knowledge. To achieve this, they should be able to structure and synthesise complex information, and adapt ethical practices in deciding methods of data collection and its analysis.The generic Doctoral program at EU Global will lead to “Dr.” Title. EU Global DBA is designed for those looking to apply research to practical business problems and advance in professional practice. DBA graduates typically pursue leadership roles in business, government, or non-profit organisations, such as CEO, CFO, COO, or other high-level executive positions. The program emphasises applied research that addresses real-world business challenges, often involving case studies and applied projects rather than purely theoretical work. DBA candidates develop advanced leadership, strategic, and decision-making skills, with a strong emphasis on professional development and networking opportunities with other high-level professionals.
The aforementioned outcome of application of management experience and generation of new knowledge with rigorous thesis of 60,000 words leads to the Qualification of Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) with “Dr ” Title conferment. EU Global’s DBA coursework is approximately 33% and the thesis is 67%, and scholars must defend the thesis successfully to be conferred DBA Qualification.

Exit Awards/Qualifications

Our strategic accreditation allows every learner to earn ECTS credits for every module they study. This allows students to take deferrals, exits and re-join studies and use same ECTS credits for an advanced entry into the programme.

For Doctorate of Business Administration interim exits, Master of Philosophy is awarded to those who complete the research coursework.

Assessments

DBA studies have coursework assessment and dissertation and defense, which should be related to solving a real business world problem.

The learners are required to write a dissertation of 60,000 words. Detailed guidelines on recommended chapters, supervisors coordination etc will be provided to the learners.

DBA regulations Handbook is to be read along with the programme handbook for detailed rubric, structure and other assessment related guidelines. This can be found on page EU Global Website –> Menu –> About –> Regulations HandBooks.

The final Dissertation and passing grade is calculated on a scale of 0-100 as follows:

Dissertation Report – ⅔

Dissertation defense – ⅙

Coursework or Publication – ⅙

Publication in a reputed journal as described above will result in 100% contribution towards Coursework or Publication grade of ⅙. Either it will be ⅙ for a reputed Journal publication or average score of all coursework to date.

Target Learners Age

Ages 19 – 30
Ages 31 – 65
Ages 65+

Prospective Job Titles

Upon completion of the PhD studies, the following career opportunities are given:

EU Global DBA Structure

EU Global DBA can be completed in eight (8) modules and three (3) online residencies. The modules and its assessments are designed in a manner that the Candidate is preparing for a thesis of 60,000 words right from the beginning, hence not overburdening to complete dissertation in the end.

Stage 1

Milestone 1:

Professional Reflection, and its application to practice

DOC 101: Strategic Leadership and Innovation for Sustainable Development

This course, Strategic Leadership and Innovation for Sustainable Development, equips DBA students with advanced knowledge and skills to critically evaluate and shape strategic initiatives within organisations, with a focus on innovative and sustainable managerial decision-making. Students will learn to assess external business influences, evaluate organisational capabilities, and develop strategies that enhance competitive advantage while ensuring sustainable development. The course culminates in the formulation of innovative strategies that contribute to long-term business success and societal well-being.

DOC 102: Professional Review and translating in research

This module provides students with an opportunity to scholars to develop the capability to make a real difference to organisation performance as a manager / leader, develop and demonstrate a capability for critical and independent learning, develop and demonstrate the capability to apply doctoral learning integratively to the real world.

RES 101: Research Objectives, Proposal Writing, and Ethics

This is an intensive residency that is designed to equip doctoral candidates with the ability to develop persuasive research proposals. In this program, the scholar will be able to improve research questions, understand basics of literature reviews and establish a strong research methodology through interactive workshops and faculty guidance. This residency will aid in developing the capacity to prove the importance of the identified study, create possible timeline for research and devise a funding case if the same is applicable. The overall outcome will be a refined proposal that can impress academic and professional stakeholders and facilitate the learner's path towards getting a doctorate degree.

Stage 2

Milestone 2:

Research Proposal and Defense

DOC 103: Literature Review for Doctoral Studies

This module is structured to support DBA scholars in mastering the literature review process/ evidence-finding with a focus on addressing complex, real-world challenges in business and management. In addition to developing an in-depth understanding of relevant research, students will be guided in constructing a conceptual framework that includes the identification and formulation of critical variables, ensuring their research is both grounded in theory and practically applicable.

DOC 104: Advanced Research Methodologies

The aim of this module is to provide the in-depth exploration of the research methodologies, theories and the philosophical underpinnings related to the research under question and the ways to align the entire research methodology to answer research questions in a manner that provides recommendations also considering business stakeholders acceptability. This module will provide an in-depth exploration of the essential components of research design, which include formulating research questions, constructing hypotheses, identifying research objectives, selecting appropriate methodologies, understanding research types, and determining effective sampling strategies. By building a robust foundation in these core areas, this module equips DBA scholars with the analytical skills and conceptual knowledge required for advanced study in both quantitative and qualitative research methods. This foundational expertise not only prepares scholars to design rigorous, impactful research but also enables them to address complex, real-world business challenges through methodologically sound inquiry in subsequent modules.

RES 102: Academic Publications

The academic publication and rigour is most important for the DBA students. This residency is specifically designed to provide the essential skills and knowledge to the students to navigate the academic publication process. Successfully teaching and learning in this module will let them be aware about the different journals and book chapter publication criteria.

Stage 3

Milestone 3:

Dissertation submission & Defense

DOC 105: Data Collection

This module on Data Collection and Methods is essential for DBA students as it is an imperative beginning point for the creation of new knowledge and its application to real-world business practices.
The module introduces scholars to various data collection techniques and methods, crucial for designing and conducting empirical research in business administration. It emphasises the importance of gathering reliable and valid data, which serves as the foundation for analysing business problems and informing strategic decisions.

DOC 106: Data Analysis and Interpretation

The Data Analysis & Interpretation module is designed for DBA scholars to develop advanced competencies in the analysis and interpretation of data within business contexts. This module emphasises the importance of ethical considerations while engaging with both quantitative and qualitative data. The module covers initial data exploration using descriptive statistics, leading to deeper analysis through selected data analysis techniques.

DOC 107: Discussion, Conclusions & Recommendations

In this module, DBA scholars will focus on drawing meaningful conclusions by synthesising and critically analysing information and findings from their research to create new knowledge with practical business applications.
Emphasising the importance of ethical considerations, students will learn to report and draft recommendations based on their research outcomes. This module aims to deepen their theoretical understanding while also enhancing their ability to communicate research results effectively in real-world contexts.

DOC 108: Writing & Structuring Dissertation

This module supports DBA scholars in structuring, writing, and completing their dissertations by integrating research findings with real-world business applications. It emphasises the synthesis of findings, coherence in structuring, and practical implications of research outcomes for business leaders and organisations. Scholars will use the mirroring technique to ensure consistency across dissertation sections, while applying ethical considerations in writing.

RES 103: Dissertation Submission & Viva Preparation

This residency will cover all the essential steps required for finalising the dissertation and structuring the content of the dissertation as per academic scholarly writing, this module will also prepare students for their final presentation in front of a panel for DBA defense.

Industry Expert Message

As an industry leader, I am consistently impressed by the caliber of scholars pursuing a Doctor of Business Administration (DBA). This program is designed for those who aspire to make significant contributions to both academia and the business world. Through rigorous research and advanced study, DBA candidates develop innovative solutions to complex business challenges, driving forward industry knowledge and practice. The depth of expertise and strategic insight gained through this program positions graduates as thought leaders and change agents, capable of shaping the future of business on a global scale.

Best Wishes,
Prof. Dr. Martin Kunst,

Professor, Sales & Marketing

Doctor of Business Administration, Hybrid Electric Vehicles Director, LKQ Europe, Switzerland

Research Impact

Study from anywhere in the world

Our Doctoral programme can be studied anywhere in the world via our e-campus and its app. The content is specially procured by highly experienced professors and industry experts team for you to learn 24X7. Learners are provided Success manager on first day, with regular MasterCamps & Residencies.

Research Conference & Residencies

Our Doctoral programme is delivered in a structured manner, comprising of research modules to develop scientific process of research, research residencies in online mode with editors of Journals to provide you insight on expected research processes, and expectations of broader research fraternity. Optionally we offer Strategy & leadership pathway and Technology pathway for diverse audience.

Ready for the Doctorate of Philosophy Career!

EU Global academic team also provides opportunities to present in international conferences with participation of reputed Journals such as ABDC, or Scopus listed Journals.

EU Global provides following in addition to the content:

Research Residency
Entrepreneurship Residency
Professional Coaching
Academic Coaching
1:1 Subject specific Supervisors
Group Research Supervisors

Overall, our team aims to help our scholars to frame their doctoral journey as an asset in your lifelong career.

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General Andragogical Methods for Doctoral Programme

EU Global’s Doctor of Business Administration teaching andragogy allows you to maximise your outcomes.

Our doctoral program is taught in a staged manner with certain recommended milestones to achieve. Each stage is designed to enable scholars’ journey to the final dissertation phase.

Doctorate at EGV is taught in 3 Stages:

Stage 1:

Stage 1 begins with reflection on previous experience and expertise the scholar gained till date. The reflective exercise possibly helps them identify the tensions they face around or in their work environment and the impact they may be able to make. The coursework will enable them to study literature heavy courses on Business & Management as well, which enables them the mindset towards evidence based enquiry at the workplace. EGV plays special relevance to spreading awareness towards the sustainability issues and environment, and is a believer to relate the possible objectives to be thoughtful towards society at large. Hence, stage 1 is

exploration to identify a researchable topic which fits in scholars’ experience, interest and future vision of implementing the recommendations. In short, Stage 1 enables scholars to visualise not only “What” but “Why” of research as well.

Stage 2: Research Proposal Phase:

Stage 2 plays special emphasis on transforming practical knowledge into the research project. This phase provides an opportunity to finalise the research proposal and defend it to seek feedback. The coursework in this stage enables students to write their dissertation in a comprehensive manner.

Stage 3: Dissertation Phase

In this phase, the scholar focuses primarily on data collection, analysis, and writing dissertation, and finalises the ultimate output of the doctoral studies.

Residencies

EGV conducts various residencies in online mode. Residencies can be visualised as outcome based intensive workshops conducted by experts in a live virtual environment. Outcome in the sense that these workshops are conducted in a planned flow that enables scholars to finalise their proposal, dissertation and at times publish and patent as well. These residencies along with the course recordings from the coursework enables learners to quickly implement and also clarify any doubts they may have, at least in the common scientific research process.

Supervisor:

To enable scholars’ dissertation topic related discussion, a Supervisor in the similar field as the chosen area is allocated. A separate guideline specifies the roles and responsibilities of both the Supervisor and the Scholar. These guidelines specify mandatory timelines and the minutes of the meeting (at least 4 in a year), beyond which the two parties have academic freedom to determine their interactions, feedback and incorporation of feedback.

Global Conference

EGV has been scheduling an annual conference in Dec since 2022. This conference normally has been received extremely well, with 12+ reputed journals participation. These Journals are amongst Scopus Listed, ABDC and Web of Science with more than 50 papers publication and 7 countries candidates participation.

The Annual conference will be open to all Doctoral candidates to take benefit of feedback from the esteemed board.

Planned Journal Issue

EGV is passionate about research. The initial foundation for Journal Launch has been laid, and now planning to accept research papers for publication. The Journal will be open for all scholars to submit papers for publication. In addition, EU Global faculty is associated with a huge editorial network who will be participating in residencies to promote research and publication in reputed journals.

Eligibility Requirement

Following scanned copies of the documents are required to be provided to be admitted for the program

Biopage of your valid passport.
Masters academic transcript and degree certificate in any discipline OR equivalent completion of Level 6 qualification with at least 180 ECTS OR Recognition of Prior Learning Application
Language proficiency certificate: All programmes are taught in English language, and therefore English proficiency is required. For students who completed the bachelor’s degree from the US, UK or any English-speaking countries, OR have studied in English Language for at least 2 years; OR have worked in an English speaking environment for at least 2 years prior to applying for this program, language proficiency certificate is not required. For learners who cannot provide any evidence of their English proficiency, they must provide an English language certificate equivalent to IELTS 6.5.
Scan of passport size photograph

Eligibility Requirement:

An MQF/EQF/ FHEQ level 7 full qualification or equivalent obtained from a recognised college/Institute/University in the field where doctoral studies to be pursued

A First Class Level 6 degree obtained from a recognised college/Institute/University with minimum 2 years work experience in the field where doctoral studies to be pursued;
Admission Interview to determine the prospective students’ prior education and experience for doctoral studies and the prospective area of research interest.
Suggested proposal structure of not more than 1500 words (Please review appendix for suggested structure, however, you can adapt a different structure.
Advanced standing
If you have already completed a period of doctoral level study at another institution, it may be possible for the work, activities, progress and assessments already undertaken in your engagement with research to count towards a doctoral degree with us.

This recognition of previous successful study is known as advanced standing.

It may also be used to recognise prior experiential learning undertaken as an employee, Research Assistant/ Research Fellow that can apply for Advanced standing.

Where an applicant has successfully completed one or more appropriate Masters level modules in a subject related to the course in the last 6 years, they may apply for credit transfer which may eliminate the need to undertake specialisation modules offered in Stage 2 of our DBA programme.

Similarly, where an applicant can demonstrate that they have appropriate and relevant professional experience related to the subject area of the course they may apply for Recognition of Prior Experiential Learning (RPEL) or Recognition of prior certificated learning (such as professional development awards or employment based awards) which is at higher education level but which has not led to the award of credits or qualifications positioned on the relevant higher education qualifications framework; which may eliminate the need to undertake one or more modules in the Programme.
Our policies can be found here https://www.euglobal.edu.eu/eu-global-regulation-handbooks

Fees for Level 7 Programmes

Online Programmes

Sr.No.	Programme Titles	ECTS	Duration (months)	One-time Fee	Monthly Installments	Total	One payment	2 payments, beginning of every month	Total
1	Master of Science (M.S) in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence	90	18	999	7182	8181	6950	3750	7500
2	Master of Science(MS) in Data Science and AI (Top Up)	30	6	499	2394	2893	2450
3	Post-Graduate Diploma in Data Science & Artificial Intelligence	60	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
4	Post-Graduate Certificate in Data Science	30	6	499	2394	2893	2450
5	Doctor of Business Administrtaion	NA	24	999	9576	10575	8950	4750	9500
6	Undergraduate Diploma in Business Administration	120	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
7	Undergraduate Higher Diploma in Business Administration	180	24	499	9576	10075	8950	4750	9500
8	Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration	60	36	499	14364	14863	11000	6650	13300
9	Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration (Top-up)	60	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
10	Master of Business Administration (MBA)	90	18	999	7182	8181	6950	3750	7500
11	MBA Top-up	36	6	499	2394	2893	2450
12	Undergraduate Higher Diploma in Accountancy and Finance	120	24	499	9576	10075	8950	4750	9500
13	Bachelor of Arts in Accountancy and Finance	180	36	499	14364	14863	11000	6650	13300
14	Bachelor of Arts in Accountancy and Finance (top-up)	60	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
15	Post Graduate Diploma in Accounting and Finance	60	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
16	Master of Business Administration in Accounting and Finance	90	18	999	7182	8181	6950	3750	7500
17	MBA Accounting & Finance (top-up)	36	6	499	2394	2893	2450
18	Undergraduate Higher Diploma in Tourism and Hospitality Management	120	24	499	9576	10075	8950	4750	9500
19	Bachelor of Arts in Tourism and Hospitality Management	60	36	499	14364	14863	11000	6650	13300
20	Bachelor of Arts in Tourism and Hospitality Management (Top-up)	60	12	499	4788	5287	4450	2350	4700
21	Master of Business Administration in Tourism and Hospitality Management	90	18	999	7182	8181	6950	3750	7500
22	MBA in Tourism and Hospitality Management (top-up)	36	6	499	2394	2893	2450

Fee Regulations

Zero Application Fee. All fees are applicable after selection in the programme.
All fees are in Euros
Normal Tenure of the programme – 90 ECTS – 18 months, 60 ECTS – 12 months, 30 ECTS – 6 Months.
If the student completes the programme in an accelerated mode, he/she is required to pay full fee of normal tenure of the programme.
For 2 payments, first payment to be paid before start of studies, and second instalment before start of 7th month of the study.
One-time fee and first instalment fee is to be paid within 7 working days of issue of enrolment letter, and before the beginning of studies.
The instalments are not related to progress of your study, and are due in accordance with normal full-time tenure of the programme. Instalments are to facilitate easy payment plans.
Full fee is to be paid before the grant of the final degree.

On-Campus Graduation Fee: Euro 799
This includes graduation gown, degree felicitation, graduation day Lunch or Dinner. This doesn’t include travel, lodging, or other expenses.

Online Graduation Fee : None
Courier of degrees: None

Certificate Verification Fee : Euro 150

Deferral Fee: No additional fee for deferrals up to 1 year, post which Euro 150 per month of deferral fee is to be paid.

Blended Programmes:
This programme offers an opportunity to study 1 year online and 1-year on Campus in France, or Germany or Malta

Online fee will be applicable for Online duration, and Full-time programme fee will be applicable for Campus where you get selected.

In case of blended programmes, monthly installments are not possible for online part.

On-Campus Programme Fee:

Please review under respective campuses

Credit Transfer Fee:
There is a 9 Euros per ECTS, subject to a minimum fee of Euro 300 for credit transfer and exemption evaluations. In any case the total fee will not exceed the total cost of the programme/ respective credits for which RPL application is made.

Portfolio Evaluation Fee for Non-formal recognition:
The portfolio application fee of Euro 300 and an additional portfolio evaluation fee will be determined after the initial screening, which you can accept or reject, but in any case the total fee will not exceed the total cost of the programme/ respective credits for which RPL application is made. An additional credit or debit card fee may be applicable.

PA1	analyse and create new knowledge, achieved through original research or advanced scholarship, should be of a calibre that extends the existing body of knowledge within the chosen discipline and meets peer review publication standards.
PA2	acquire and comprehend substantial body of knowledge in a systematic manner which is at the forefront of the respective area of the professional practice.
PA3	transform practical knowledge to conceptualise, propose and implement a research project for the generation of new knowledge and to adjust the project in the light of unforeseen problems.
PA4	apply techniques for research and advanced academic enquiry.
PA5	recognize the significance of ethical practices in research and adhere to the highest standards of research ethics as outlined by institution’s regulations and the broader academic community.

1	critically assess theoretical and practical expertise in a specialised field of knowledge, considering its potential contributions to social and ethical issues on both national and international levels.
2	exhibit an in-depth comprehension of recent advancements in their profession, as well as current theoretical frameworks and methodologies, which are directly applicable to their professional environment.
3	demonstrate expertise in critical evaluations and analysis with incomplete or limited information to solve problems in new or unfamiliar environments and produce original research.
4	project a thorough understanding of the philosophy behind research methods and the way it influences research design, methodologies, data analysis, and the presentation of findings.
5	appraise extensive knowledge of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods to independently conduct empirical research, and to create, analyse, and interpret new knowledge within the discipline.

1	apply professionally relevant literature and knowledge at the forefront of their field in analysing and comprehending business practices and challenges.
2	demonstrate the qualities and skills of personal responsibility and largely autonomous initiative when navigating complex and unpredictable situations.
3	analyse data using suitable methods and communicate the results effectively to others.
4	communicate and present empirical research findings and conclusions to professional peers, academic community and other stakeholders.

1	exhibit self-direction, autonomy, and originality as an independent researcher while conducting empirical research and solving contemporary challenges considering existing literature that are at the forefront of their professional practice.
2	comprehend and address intricate and current challenges facing both business and society. These challenges may encompass technological, cultural and social development
3	create, plan, validate, execute, report on, and evaluate a significant research project that is professionally relevant and contributes to the generation of new knowledge.
4	structure and synthesise complex information, and adapt ethical practices in deciding methods of data collection and its analysis.
5	present, critically argue and defend ideas and results unambiguously and effectively in verbal and written communication.